Islamic Ruling on Joining Congregation During Final Tashahhud
If someone joins the prayer during the last Tashahhud, they should sit slightly behind and to the left of the Imam without causing confusion in the row.
Islamic scholars explain that when an Imam is praying with one follower, and another person joins during the final Tashahhud, the new follower should say Takbeer-e-Tahreema, sit slightly behind and to the left of the Imam, and not ahead or behind the existing follower.
This is based on the teaching of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, who said that an Imam is appointed so that people follow him in all actions of the prayer, such as Takbeer and prostration. Scholars confirm that rearranging positions should only happen during standing or bowing, not during the final Tashahhud, to avoid confusion and difficulty.
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